第一條　　為了保護海洋環(huán)境及資源，防止污染損害，保護生態(tài)平衡，保障人體健康，促進海洋事業(yè)的發(fā)展，特制定本法。
Article 1. This Law is formulated in order to protect the marine environment and resources, prevent pollution damage, maintain ecological balance, safeguard human health and promote the development of marine programmes.

第二條　　本法適用于中華人民共和國的內(nèi)海、領(lǐng)海以及中華人民共和國管轄的一切其他海域。
Article 2. This Law shall apply to the internal seas and territorial seas of the People's Republic of China and all other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

在中華人民共和國管轄海域內(nèi)從事航行、勘探、開發(fā)、生產(chǎn)、科學研究及其他活動的任何船舶、平臺、航空器、潛水器、企業(yè)事業(yè)單位和個人，都必須遵守本法。
All vessels, platforms, airborne vehicles and submersibles, as well as all enterprises, institutions and individuals engaged in navigation, exploration, exploitation, production, scientific research or other activities in the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall comply with this Law.

在中華人民共和國管轄海域以外，排放有害物質(zhì)，傾倒廢棄物，造成中華人民共和國管轄海域污染損害的，也適用于本法。
This Law shall also apply to the discharge of harmful substances and the dumping of wastes done beyond the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China that cause pollution damage to sea areas within the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

第三條　　進入中華人民共和國管轄海域的一切單位和個人，都有責任保護海洋環(huán)境，并有義務對污染損害海洋環(huán)境的行為進行監(jiān)督和檢舉。
Article 3. All units and individuals entering the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall have the responsibility to protect the marine environment and shall have the obligation to watch for and report on actions causing pollution damage to the marine environment.

第四條　　國務院有關(guān)部門和沿海省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府，可以根據(jù)海洋環(huán)境保護的需要，劃出海洋特別保護區(qū)、海上自然保護區(qū)和海濱風景游覽區(qū)，并采取相應的保護措施。海洋特別保護區(qū)、海上自然保護區(qū)的確定，須經(jīng)國務院批準。
Article 4. The relevant departments under the State Council and the people's governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, as the need to protect the marine environment requires, establish special marine reserves, marine sanctuaries and seashore scenic and tourist areas and take corresponding measures to protect them. The designation of special marine reserves and marine sanctuaries shall be subject to the State Council for approval.

第五條　　國務院環(huán)境保護部門主管全國海洋環(huán)境保護工作。
Article 5. The environmental protection department under the State Council shall be in charge of the marine environmental protection of the whole country.

國家海洋管理部門負責組織海洋環(huán)境的調(diào)查、監(jiān)測、監(jiān)視，開展科學研究，并主管防止海洋石油勘探開發(fā)和海洋傾廢污染損害的環(huán)境保護工作。
The state administrative department of marine affairs shall be responsible for organizing investigations and monitoring of and exercising surveilance over the marine environment and conducting scientific research therein; it shall also be in charge of environmental protection against marine pollution damage caused by offshore oil exploration and exploitation and by the dumping of wastes into the sea.

中華人民共和國港務監(jiān)督負責船舶排污的監(jiān)督和調(diào)查處理，以及港區(qū)水域的監(jiān)視，并主管防止船舶污染損害的環(huán)境保護工作。
The Harbour Superintendency Administration of the People's Republic of China shall be responsible for supervising, investigating and dealing with the discharge of pollutants from vessels and for exercising surveillance over the waters of the port areas; it shall also be in charge of environmental protection against pollution damage caused by vessels.

國家漁政漁港監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)負責漁港船舶排污的監(jiān)督和漁業(yè)港區(qū)水域的監(jiān)視。
The state fisheries administration and fishing harbour superintendency agencies shall be responsible for supervising the discharge of pollutants by vessels in the fishing harbours and for exercising surveillance over the waters thereof.

軍隊環(huán)境保護部門負責軍用船舶排污的監(jiān)督和軍港水域的監(jiān)視。
The environmental protection department of the armed forces shall be responsible for supervising the discharge of pollutants by military vessels and exercising surveillance over the waters of the naval ports.

沿海省、自治區(qū)、直轄市環(huán)境保護部門負責組織協(xié)調(diào)、監(jiān)督檢查本行政區(qū)域的海洋環(huán)境保護工作，并主管防止海岸工程和陸源污染物污染損害的環(huán)境保護工作。
The environmental protection departments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for organizing, coordinating, supervising and inspecting the marine environmental protection work in their respective administrative areas and shall be in charge of environmental protection against pollution damage caused by coastal construction projects and land-sourced pollutants.

第二章 防止海岸工程對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害
CHAPTER II PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY COASTAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

第六條　　海岸工程建設(shè)項目的主管單位，必須在編報計劃任務書前，對海洋環(huán)境進行科學調(diào)查，根據(jù)自然條件和社會條件，合理選址，并按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定，編報環(huán)境影響報告書。
Article 6. Units in charge of coastal construction projects must, before drawing up and submitting their project plan descriptions, conduct scientific surveys of the marine environment, select suitable sites in the light of natural and social conditions and formulate and submit Environmental Impact Statements in accordance with relevant state regulations.

第七條　　建造港口、油碼頭，興建入海河口水利和潮汐發(fā)電工程，必須采取措施，保護水產(chǎn)資源。在魚蟹回游通道筑壩，要建造相應的過魚設(shè)施。
Article 7. Measures must be taken to protect the aquatic resources when building harbours and oil terminals, as well as water conservancy facilities and tidal power stations in estuaries. Dams to be built across fish and crab migration routes shall be provided with appropriate fish passage facilities.

第八條　　港口和油碼頭應當設(shè)置殘油、廢油、含油污水和廢棄物的接收和處理設(shè)施，配備必要的防污器材和監(jiān)視、報警裝置。
Article 8. Facilities to receive and treat residual and waste oils, oil-polluted water and other wastes, along with the necessary anti-pollution equipment and monitoring and alarm devices, shall be installed at ports and oil terminals.

第九條　　海涂的開發(fā)利用應當全面規(guī)劃，加強管理。對圍海造地或其他圍海工程，以及采挖砂石，應當嚴格控制。確需進行的，必須在調(diào)查研究和經(jīng)濟效果對比的基礎(chǔ)上，提出工程的環(huán)境影響報告書，報省、自治區(qū)、直轄市環(huán)境保護部門審批，大型圍海工程并須報國務院環(huán)境保護部門審批。
Article 9. The development and utilization of tideland shall be subject to comprehensive planning and strict administration. The reclamation of land from the sea, or other projects to enclose sea areas, and the excavation of sand and gravel shall be strictly controlled. For projects that are definitely necessary, Environmental Impact Statements based on investigative research and comparison of economic results must be prepared and submitted for approval to the environmental protection departments of the relevant provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government. In the cases of large-scale projects to enclose sea areas, the statements must also be submitted to the environmental protection department under the State Council for examination and approval.

禁止毀壞海岸防護林、風景林、風景石和紅樹林、珊瑚礁。
It is forbidden to destroy seashore shelter belts, scenic woods, scenic rocks, mangroves and coral reefs.

第三章 防止海洋石油勘探開發(fā)對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害
CHAPTER III PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY COASTAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS BY OFFSHORE OIL EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION

第十條　　開發(fā)海洋石油的企業(yè)或其主管單位，在編報計劃任務書前，應當提出海洋環(huán)境影響報告書，包括防止污染損害海洋環(huán)境的有效措施，并報國務院環(huán)境保護部門審批。
Article 10. Enterprises engaged in offshore oil exploitation or their competent authorities shall, before drawing up and submitting their project plan descriptions, prepare Environmental Impact Statements, which shall include effective measures for the prevention of pollution damage to the marine environment; the statements shall be submitted to the environmental protection department under the State Council for examination and approval.

第十一條　　海洋石油勘探和其他海上活動需要爆破作業(yè)時，應當采取有效措施，保護漁業(yè)資源。
Article 11. When offshore oil exploration and other offshore activities involve explosive operations, effective measures shall be taken to protect fishery resources.

第十二條　　對勘探開發(fā)過程中使用的油料，應當加強管理，防止發(fā)生漏油事故。殘油、廢油應當予以回收，不準排放入海。
Article 12. Oils used in the course of exploration and exploitation shall be put under strict control so as to prevent accidents from oil leakage. Residual and waste oils shall be recovered and must not be discharged into the sea.

第十三條　　海洋石油鉆井船、鉆井平臺和采油平臺的含油污水和油性混合物，不得直接排放；經(jīng)回收處理后排放的，其含油量不得超過國家規(guī)定的標準。
Article 13. Oil-polluted water and oil mixtures from offshore oil rigs, drilling platforms and oil extraction platforms may not be directly discharged into the sea. When they are discharged after recovery treatment, the oil content of the discharges may not exceed the standards set by the state.

第十四條　　海洋石油鉆井船、鉆井平臺和采油平臺不得向海域處置含油的工業(yè)垃圾。處置其他工業(yè)垃圾不得對漁業(yè)水域、航道造成污染損害。
Article 14. Offshore oil rigs, drilling platforms and oil extraction platforms may not dispose oil-polluted industrial wastes into the sea. The disposal of other industrial wastes may not cause pollution damage to fishing areas and shipping channels.

第十五條　　海上試油時，油和油性混合物不得排放入海，并應當確保油氣充分燃燒，防止污染海洋。
Article 15. When testing offshore wells, oils and oil mixtures may not be discharged into the sea, and the gas and oil shall be thoroughly flared so as to prevent pollution of the sea.

第十六條　　海上輸油管線，儲油設(shè)施，應當符合防滲、防漏、防腐蝕的要求，經(jīng)常保持良好狀態(tài)，防止漏油事故。
Article 16. Offshore oil pipelines and oil-storage installations shall always be kept in good condition, as required for the prevention of seepage, leakage and corrosion, so as to prevent oil leakage accidents.

第十七條　　勘探開發(fā)海洋石油， 必須配備相應的防污設(shè)施和器材， 采取有效的技術(shù)措施，防止井噴和漏油事故的發(fā)生。
Article 17. In exploring and exploiting offshore oil resources, appropriate anti-pollution facilities and equipment shall be made available, and effective technical measures shall be taken to prevent blowouts or accidents from oil leakage.

發(fā)生井噴、漏油事故的，應當立即向國家海洋管理部門報告，并采取有效措施，控制和消除油污染，接受國家海洋管理部門的調(diào)查處理。
Once a blowout or oil leakage accident occurs, the unit concerned shall immediately report it to the state administrative department of marine affairs, take effective measures to control and eliminate oil pollution and accept the investigation and handling of the case by the department.

第四章 防止陸源污染物對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害
CHAPTER IV PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY LAND-SOURCED POLLUTANTS

第十八條　　沿海單位向海域排放有害物質(zhì)，必須嚴格執(zhí)行國家或省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府頒布的排放標準和有關(guān)規(guī)定。
Article 18. The discharge of harmful substances into the sea by coastal units must be conducted in strict compliance with the standards for discharge and the relevant regulations promulgated by the state or the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

在海上自然保護區(qū)、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖場、海濱風景游覽區(qū)內(nèi)，不得新建排污口。本法公布前已有的排污口排放污染物不符合國家排放標準的，應當限期治理。
No additional outlet for discharging sewage shall be allowed within marine sanctuaries, aquacultural grounds and seashore scenic and tourist areas. Those outlets already in existence before the promulgation of this Law, where the discharge of pollutants is not in conformity with the state standards, shall be improved within a prescribed period of time.

第十九條　　含強放射性物質(zhì)的廢水，禁止向海域排放。
Article 19. It is prohibited to discharge waste water containing high-level radioactive matter into the sea.

含弱放射性物質(zhì)的廢水，確需向海域排放的，必須執(zhí)行國家放射防護的規(guī)定和標準。
Any discharge of waste water containing low-level radioactive matter into the sea, when really necessary, shall be carried out in strict compliance with the state provisions and standards concerning radioactive protection.

第二十條　　含傳染病原體的醫(yī)療污水和工業(yè)廢水，必須經(jīng)過處理和嚴格消毒，消滅病原體后，方能排入海域。
Article 20. No medical sewage or industrial waste water carrying infectious pathogens may be discharged into the sea before it has been properly treated and strictly sterilized, with the pathogens therein exterminated.

第二十一條　　含有機物和營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的工業(yè)廢水、生活污水，應當控制向海灣、半封閉海及其他自凈能力較差的海域排放，防止海水富營養(yǎng)化。
Article 21. The discharge of industrial waste water and domestic sewage containing organic and nutrient matter into bays, semi-closed seas and other sea areas with low capacities of self-purification shall be controlled so as to prevent eutrophication of the sea water.

第二十二條　　向海域排放含熱廢水，應當采取措施，保證鄰近的漁業(yè)水域的水溫符合國家水質(zhì)標準，避免熱污染對水產(chǎn)資源的危害。
Article 22. When discharging heated waste water into the sea, measures shall be taken to ensure that the water temperature in the adjacent fishing areas is kept within state water quality standards in order to avoid damage to the aquatic resources by heat pollution.

第二十三條　　沿海農(nóng)田施用化學農(nóng)藥，應當執(zhí)行國家農(nóng)藥安全使用的規(guī)定和標準。
Article 23. The use of chemical pesticides in coastal farmlands shall conform to the state provisions and standards for the safe use of pesticides.

第二十四條　　任何單位不經(jīng)沿海省、自治區(qū)、直轄市環(huán)境保護部門批準，不得在岸灘棄置、堆放尾礦、礦渣、煤灰渣、垃圾和其他廢棄物。依法被批準在岸灘設(shè)置廢棄物堆放場和處理場的，應當建造防護堤，防止廢棄物流失入海。
Article 24. No unit may discard or pile up tailings, slags, cinders, garbage and other wastes along seashores and beaches without the approval of the environmental protection departments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government. Those who have been approved by law to set up waste yards and treatment facilities along seashores and beaches shall build dikes to prevent the wastes from entering the sea.

第二十五條　　沿海省、自治區(qū)、直轄市環(huán)境保護部門和水系管理部門，應當加強入海河流的管理，防治污染，使入海河口處的水質(zhì)處于良好狀態(tài)。
Article 25. The environmental protection departments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the river system administrative departments shall strengthen their control over rivers that empty into the sea to prevent them from being polluted and ensure the quality of the water in the estuaries.

第五章 防止船舶對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害
CHAPTER V PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY VESSELS

第二十六條　　在中華人民共和國管轄海域，禁止任何船舶違反本法規(guī)定排放油類、油性混合物、廢棄物和其他有害物質(zhì)。
Article 26. No vessel may, in violation of the provisions of this Law, discharge oils, oil mixtures, wastes and other harmful substances into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.

第二十七條　　１５０總噸以上的油輪和４００總噸以上的非油輪，應當設(shè)有相應的防污設(shè)備和器材。
Article 27. Any oil tanker with a gross tonnage of 150 tons or more or any other vessel with a gross tonnage of 400 tons or more shall be fitted with appropriate anti-pollution equipment and facilities.

不足１５０總噸的油輪和不足４００總噸的非油輪，應當設(shè)有專用容器，回收殘油、廢油。
Any oil tanker with a gross tonnage of less than 150 tons and any other vessel with a gross tonnage of less than 400 tons shall be fitted with special containers for recovery of residual and waste oils.

第二十八條　　１５０總噸以上的油輪和 ４００總噸以上的非油輪， 應當備有油類記錄簿。
Article 28. Any oil tanker with a gross tonnage of 150 tons or more or any other vessel with a gross tonnage of 400 tons or more shall carry on board an Oil Record Book.

載運２，０００噸以上的散裝貨油的船舶，應當持有有效的《油污損害民事責任保險或其他財務保證證書》，或《油污損害民事責任信用證書》，或提供其他財務信用保證。
Any vessels carrying more than 2,000 tons of oil in bulk as cargo shall hold a valid "insurance or other financial security certificate for civil liability against oil pollution damage," or a "credit certificate for civil liability against oil pollution damage, " or furnish other financial credit guarantees.

第二十九條　　１５０總噸以上的油輪和４００總噸以上的非油輪，排放含油污水，必須按照國家有關(guān)船舶污水的排放標準和規(guī)定進行，并如實地記入油類記錄簿。
Article 29. The discharge of oil-polluted water from an oil tanker with a gross tonnage of 150 tons or more or any other vessel with a gross tonnage of 400 tons or more must be conducted in compliance with the state standards and provisions for vessel sewage discharge and shall be truthfully recorded in the Oil Record Book.

第三十條　　載運有毒、含腐蝕性貨物的船舶，排放洗倉水和其他殘余物，必須按照國家有關(guān)船舶污水排放的規(guī)定進行，并如實地記入航海日志。
Article 30. The discharge of hold-washings and other residues by vessels carrying noxious or corrosive goods must be conducted in compliance with the state provisions for vessel sewage discharge and shall be truthfully recorded in the Logbook.

第三十一條　　核動力船舶和載運放射物質(zhì)的船舶，排放放射性物質(zhì)，必須遵守本法第十九條的規(guī)定。
Article 31. The discharge of radioactive substances from nuclear-powered vessels or vessels carrying such substances must be conducted in compliance with the provisions of Article 19 of this Law.

第三十二條　　船舶進行加油和裝卸油作業(yè)時， 必須遵守操作規(guī)程， 采取有效的預防措施，防止發(fā)生漏油事故。
Article 32. Vessels, when bunkering or loading and unloading oil, must observe operating instructions and take effective measures to prevent oil spills.

第三十三條　　造船、修船、拆船和打撈船單位，均應備有防止污染器材和設(shè)備。進行作業(yè)時，應當采取預防措施，防止油類、油性混合物和廢棄物污染海域。
Article 33. Shipbuilders and ship repairing, scrapping and salvaging units shall be provided with anti-pollution equipment and facilities. During operations, preventive measures shall be taken against pollution of the sea by oils, oil mixtures and other wastes.

第三十四條　　船舶非正常排放油類、油性混合物和其他有害物質(zhì)，或有毒、含腐蝕性貨物落水造成污染時，應當立即采取措施，控制和消除污染，并向就近的港務監(jiān)督報告，接受調(diào)查處理。
Article 34. In case pollution has resulted from an abnormal discharge of oils, oil mixtures or other harmful substances, or from the spilling overboard of noxious or corrosive goods, the vessel concerned shall immediately take measures to control and eliminate such pollution and shall report the matter to the nearest harbour superintendency administration for investigation and settlement.

第三十五條　　船舶發(fā)生海損事故造成或者可能造成海洋環(huán)境重大污染損害的，中華人民共和國港務監(jiān)督有權(quán)強制采取避免或減少這種污染損害的措施。
Article 35. If a vessel is involved in a marine accident which has caused, or is likely to cause, a serious pollution damage to the marine environment, the Harbour Superintendency Administration of the People's Republic of China shall have the power to compel action to avoid or minimize such a pollution damage.

第三十六條　　所有船舶均有監(jiān)視海上污染的義務，如發(fā)現(xiàn)違章行為和污染情事，應當立即向就近的港務監(jiān)報告，漁船也可以向就近的漁政漁港監(jiān)督管理機構(gòu)報告。
Article 36. All vessels have the obligation to guard against pollution of the sea. Upon discovering violations of regulations or occurrences of pollution, they shall immediately report them to the nearest harbour superintendency administration; fishing boats may also report such occurrences to the nearest fisheries administration and fishing harbour superintendency agency.

第三十七條　　在中華人民共和國管轄海域航行、停泊和作業(yè)的船舶，發(fā)生污染情事的，由中華人民共和國港務監(jiān)督登輪檢查處理。經(jīng)港務監(jiān)督授權(quán)的政府有關(guān)機關(guān)的公務人員也可以登輪檢查，并將檢查結(jié)果報告港務監(jiān)督處理。
Article 37. In the event of pollution caused by a vessel navigating, berthing or operating in a sea area under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, officers from the Harbour Superintendency Administration of the People's Republic of China shall board the vessel in question to examine and handle the case. Officers from relevant government departments authorized by the Harbour Superintendency Administration may also board the vessel to conduct examinations and report the results thereof to the Administration for settlement.

第六章 防止傾倒廢棄物對海洋環(huán)境的污染損害
CHAPTER VI PREVENTION OF POLLUTION DAMAGE TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT BY DUMPING OF WASTES

第三十八條　　任何單位未經(jīng)國家海洋管理部門批準，不得向中華人民共和國管轄海域傾倒任何廢棄物。
Article 38. No unit may dump any kind of waste into the sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China without the permission of the state administrative department of marine affairs.

需要傾倒廢棄物的單位，必須向國家海洋管理部門提出申請，經(jīng)國家海洋管理部門審批，發(fā)給許可證后，方可傾倒。
Units that need to dump wastes must file an application with the state administrative department of marine affairs and the dumping may be carried out only after a permit has been granted by the department.

第三十九條　　獲準傾倒廢棄物的單位，應當按許可證注明的期限及條件，到指定的區(qū)域進行傾倒。廢棄物裝載之后，批準部門應予核實。利用船舶傾倒廢棄物的，由駛出港的港務監(jiān)督核實。
Article 39. Units that have obtained permits for dumping wastes shall dump wastes at the designated place, within the time limit and in accordance with the conditions specified in the permit. Wastes to be dumped shall be verified by the approving department after their loading. Wastes to be dumped by means of vessels shall be supervised and verified by the harbour superintendency administration at the port of departure.

第四十條　　獲準傾倒廢棄物的單位，應當詳細記錄傾倒的情況，并在傾倒后向批準部門作出書面報告。傾倒廢棄物的船舶須向駛出港的港務監(jiān)督作出書面報告。
Article 40. Units that have obtained permits for dumping wastes shall make a detailed record of such operations and present a written report to the approving department thereafter. Vessels that have finished the said dumping must present a written report to the harbour superintendency administration at the port of departure.

第七章 法律責任
CHAPTER VII LEGAL LIABILITIES

第四十一條　　凡違反本法，造成或者可能造成海洋環(huán)境污染損害的，本法第五條規(guī)定的有關(guān)主管部門可以責令限期治理，繳納排污費，支付消除污染費用，賠償國家損失；并可以給予警告或者罰款。當事人不服的，可以在收到?jīng)Q定書之日起十五日內(nèi)，向人民法院起訴；期滿不起訴又不履行的，由有關(guān)主管部門申請人民法院強制執(zhí)行。
Article 41. In the case of a violation of this Law that has caused or is likely to cause pollution damage to the marine environment, the competent authorities prescribed in Article 5 of this Law may order the violator to remedy the pollution damage within a definite time, pay a pollutant discharge fee, pay the cost for eliminating the pollution and compensate for the losses sustained by the state; they may also give the violator a warning or impose a fine. An involved party contesting the decision may file a suit in a people's court within 15 days after it has received the written decision. If a suit has not been filed and the decision has not been carried out upon the expiration of that period, the competent authorities shall request the people's court to enforce the decision in accordance with the law.

第四十二條　　因海洋環(huán)境污染受到損害的單位和個人，有權(quán)要求造成污染損害的一方賠償損失。賠償責任和賠償金額糾紛，可以由有關(guān)主管部門處理，當事人不服的，依照《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法（試行）》規(guī)定的程序解決；也可以直接向人民法院起訴。
Article 42. Units or individuals who have suffered damage caused by marine environmental pollution shall be entitled to claim compensation from the party which caused the pollution damage. Disputes over the compensation liability and the amount of compensation may be settled by the competent authorities. If a party contests the decision, the matter may be settled either by resorting to the procedures specified in the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China or by filing a suit directly with the people's court.

第四十三條　　完全屬于下列情形之一，經(jīng)過及時采取合理措施仍然不能避免對海洋環(huán)境造成污染損害的，免予承擔賠償責任：
Article 43. Compensation liability may be exempted if pollution damage to the marine environment cannot be avoided, despite prompt and reasonable measures taken, when the pollution damage is caused by any of the following circumstances:

（１）戰(zhàn)爭行為；
(1) acts of war;

（２）不可抗拒的自然災害；
(2) irresistible natural calamities; or

（３）負責燈塔或者其他助航設(shè)備的主管部門在執(zhí)行職責時的疏忽或者其他過失行為。
(3) negligence or other wrongful acts in the exercise of the functions of departments responsible for the maintenance of beacons or other navigational aids.

完全是由于第三者的故意或者過失造成污染損害海洋環(huán)境的 ， 由第三者承但賠償責任。
In the case of pollution damage to the marine environment resulting entirely from the intentional or wrongful act of a third party, that party shall be liable for compensation.

第四十四條　　凡違反本法污染損害海洋環(huán)境，造成公私財產(chǎn)重大損失或者致人傷亡的，對直接責任人員可以由司法機關(guān)依法追究刑事責任。
Article 44. In cases where violations of this Law result in pollution damage to the marine environment and cause heavy losses to public or private property or deaths or injuries to persons, those who are directly responsible may be prosecuted for criminal responsibility by judicial organs in accordance with the law.

第四十五條　　本法中下列用語的含義是：
Article 45. For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:

（一）“海洋環(huán)境污染損害”是指直接或間接地把物質(zhì)或能量引入海洋環(huán)境，產(chǎn)生損害海洋生物資源、危害人體健康、妨礙漁業(yè)和海上其他合法活動、損壞海水使用素質(zhì)和減損環(huán)境質(zhì)量等有害影響。
(1) " Pollution damage to the marine environment " means any direct or indirect introduction of substances or energy into the marine environment which results in deleterious effects such as harm to marine living resources, hazards to human health, hindrance to fishing and other legitimate activities at sea, impairment of the useful quality of sea water and degradation of environmental quality.

（二）“漁業(yè)水域”是指魚蝦類的產(chǎn)卵場、索餌場、越冬場、回游通道和魚蝦貝藻類的養(yǎng)殖場。
(2) " Fishing areas " means spawning grounds, feeding grounds, wintering grounds and migration channels of fish and shrimp as well as aquacultural grounds of fish, shrimp, shellfish and aquatic plants.

（三）“油類”是指任何類型的油及其煉制品。
(3) " Oils " means any kind of oil and its refined products.

（四）“油性混合物”是指任何含有油份的混合物。
(4) " Oil mixtures " means any mixtures containing oil.

（五）“排放”是指把污染物排入海洋的行為，包括泵出、溢出、泄出、噴出和倒出。
(5) " To discharge " means to drain pollutants into the sea, including pumping, spilling, releasing, gushing and pouring.

（六） “傾倒”是指通過船舶、航空器、平臺或其他載運工具，向海洋處置廢棄物或其他有害物質(zhì)的行為，包括棄置船舶、航空器、平臺和其他浮動工具的行為。
(6) " To dump " means to dispose of wastes or other harmful substances into the sea from vessels, airborne vehicles, platforms or other means of transport, including the abandonment of vessels, airborne vehicles, platforms and other floating apparatus.

第四十六條　　現(xiàn)行的有關(guān)海洋環(huán)境保護的規(guī)定，凡與本法抵觸的，均以本法為準。
Article 46. Where existing provisions concerning marine environmental protection contradict this Law, this Law shall prevail.

第四十七條　　國務院環(huán)境保護部門可根據(jù)本法制訂實施細則，報國務院批準施行。
Article 47. The environmental protection department under the State Council may, in accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall be put into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.

國務院有關(guān)部門和沿海省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民代表大會常務委員會、人民政府可根據(jù)本法，結(jié)合本部門、本地區(qū)的實際，制訂具體實施辦法。
The relevant departments under the State Council and the standing committees of the people's congresses and people's governments of the coastal provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, in accordance with this Law, work out concrete measures for its implementation, taking into consideration the actual conditions prevailing at the departments or localities concerned.

第四十八條　　本法自一九八三年三月一日起生效。
Article 48. This Law shall come into force as of March 1, 1983.