Woodworking can be a safe and enjoyable hobby or vocation, IF you follow some very basic and simple rules. All of the rules are common-sense ideas, but failure to follow these rules will greatly increase the chance of injury when working with your tools. The wood shop is not the place to be in a hurry or have an "it won't happen to me" attitude. Commit these ten rules to habit, and your woodworking experiences will be safer and much more enjoyable.

    如果你遵從一些基本簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則，木工會(huì)是一項(xiàng)安全而又享受的業(yè)余愛(ài)好，也是一項(xiàng)好工作。這些規(guī)則都是一些基本的常識(shí)，但是如果不遵守的話，在你做木工的時(shí)候會(huì)增大你的受傷的幾率。木工是一項(xiàng)細(xì)活，也不能抱著"這些危險(xiǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)生在我身上"的態(tài)度去做木工活。將這些規(guī)則養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，你的木工生涯將會(huì)更安全，更享受。

    1.Always Wear Safety Equipment

    永遠(yuǎn)要穿安全設(shè)備

    The first and most important rule of woodworking is to wear appropriate safety equipment. While hearing protection is necessary for some very noisy tools such as routers and surface planers, and latex gloves may be necessary when applying finishes, there is no time in the wood shop that you should be without your safety glasses. Put them on when you enter the shop, and don't take them off until you leave. Your eyesight is too important to take chances.

    木工守則第一條也是最重要的一條，穿著適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩�服。�?duì)木工銑刀和平面刨床這些噪音大的工具來(lái)說(shuō)，安全保護(hù)措施永遠(yuǎn)都是必須的，在拋光的時(shí)候，要戴上手套，并且，在木工工場(chǎng)里，要一直帶著護(hù)目鏡。在進(jìn)工場(chǎng)之后，馬上將這些安全裝備穿戴好，在你離開工場(chǎng)之后，才能脫下來(lái)。你的視力非常重要，不能抱著僥幸心理。

    2.Wear Appropriate Clothing

    穿合適的衣服

    Whenever working in the wood shop, remember to avoid loose-fitting clothing, as you wouldn't want any of your attire to become entangled in a saw blade or cutting head. Wear clothes that are comfortable for the environment in which you're working, but also will protect your body from any wayward wood chips that might result from cutting. Before beginning, remember to remove any dangling jewelry such as neck chains or bracelets.

    不管什么時(shí)候，只要是在木工工場(chǎng)工作，記住不要穿寬松的衣服，因?yàn)槟悴粫?huì)想要你的衣服被鋸條或刀頭絞到。你穿的衣服要使你在那種工作環(huán)境下感到舒服，同時(shí)也要防止被木屑割傷。在開始工作前，記得取下項(xiàng)鏈、手鐲等搖晃的首飾。

    3.Avoid Drugs and Alcohol

    不要喝酒、嗑藥

    Intoxicating

    substances and woodworking are a dangerous mix. Stay out of the wood shop if you are even remotely under the influence of any intoxicants.

    任何興奮性東西對(duì)于木工來(lái)說(shuō)都是非常危險(xiǎn)的。哪怕你只是稍微沾染了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)使你興奮的東西，也要遠(yuǎn)離木工活。

    While it may seem harmless for the weekend woodworker to crack open a beer （or six） while working on a project, avoid the temptation until you're finished with the woodworking. You're going to be much less likely to encounter a problem if you're clean and sober when working with your power tools.

    雖然說(shuō)，在周末木工邊干活邊喝幾瓶啤酒看起來(lái)是沒(méi)關(guān)系的，但是在你干完活之前，都要抵制這樣的誘惑。當(dāng)你使用電動(dòng)工具工作時(shí)，清醒而鎮(zhèn)定的干活會(huì)讓你少很多麻煩。

    4.Disconnect Power Before Blade Changes

    在換刀具之前切斷電源

    Whenever you need to change a blade or bit on a power tool, always disconnect the electricity to the power tool before even beginning the blade change. （Don't just check to see that the switch is off, as a switch could get bumped or malfunction.） Many a woodworker has lost fingers （or worse） by forgetting this simple but very important rule. I've seen woodworkers even go as far as to affix the wrenches to the power cables so there is NO chance they'll forget to disconnect the power.

    你要更換刀具或給電動(dòng)工具換位之前，都要切斷電源。（不要只看下開關(guān)是否關(guān)掉就可以了，因?yàn)殚_關(guān)可能會(huì)自動(dòng)彈起或出現(xiàn)故障）.很多木工就是因?yàn)橥�記這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單而重要的規(guī)則而失去了手指，或出現(xiàn)其他更嚴(yán)重的事故。我看到有的木工在電線上套上扳手，這樣他們就不會(huì)忘記切斷電源了。

    5.Try Using One Extension Cord

    用一根加長(zhǎng)線

    Here's a tip I've used regularly in the past. For all 110-volt power tools in the shop, I use one heavy-duty extension cord. Not one per tool, but one TOTAL. This way, I'm forced to switch the cord from tool to tool before the tool can be used. In this manner, you are always remembering to plug and unplug the power when moving from one tool to another, and you'll be more cognizant of the need to disconnect the power when making bit or blade changes.

    這個(gè)是我過(guò)去一直用的方法。在工作間所有的110伏電壓的電動(dòng)工具，我都會(huì)加一根重載加長(zhǎng)線。不是給每個(gè)工具都加，而是加一個(gè)總的。使用這種方法，當(dāng)你需要更換工具的時(shí)候，你就不得不將電線拔下來(lái)重新插到另外一個(gè)工具上。并且，這樣的話，在你需要更換刀具的時(shí)候，你也就不會(huì)忘記切換電源。

    6.Use Sharp Blades & Bits

    使用鋒利的刀片

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    This one seems like a no-brainer, but a dull cutting tool is a dangerous tool. If a saw blade is not as sharp as it ideally should be, the tool and the woodworker will have to work harder to complete the desired task. In such cases, the tool will be more likely to kick-back or bind. Besides, a sharper cutting tool will produce a cleaner cut, so there are more than just safety advantages here. Keep the blade sharp and clean of pitch, and you'll be safer and have better results.

    這個(gè)建議看上去似乎非常簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)檫t鈍的刀具絕對(duì)是危險(xiǎn)的。如果鋸條沒(méi)有很鋒利的話，木工就要花費(fèi)更大的力氣去完成工作。在這種情況下，遲鈍的刀具會(huì)起到反作用，阻礙你的工作。并且，鋒利的刀具切割起來(lái)更勻稱，所以使用鋒利的刀具不止是只有安全這個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)而已。使用鋒利的刀具勻稱的切割，你的工作將更安全，更有效。

    7.Always Check for Nails, Screws and Other Metal

    檢查釘子，螺釘，以及其他五金工具

    Another no-brainer tip which doesn't bear mentioning, so that's why I'm going to mention it: Always check the stock you're preparing to cut for any metal （nails, screws, staples, etc.） before beginning a cut. Nails and rapidly spinning saw blades are not a good mix. Not only can this damage the cutting head and the stock, but at the very minimum, can cause the stock to kick back, which is a common cause of injury. Inspect the stock （or better yet, use a metal detector） before cutting.

    這也是另外一個(gè)不值得一提的簡(jiǎn)單方法，但是我還是要說(shuō)一下：在切割之前要檢查一下你要用到的五金件庫(kù)存（釘子，螺釘?shù)龋?不要將釘子和快速旋轉(zhuǎn)鋸片混淆在一起。這樣做不僅會(huì)破壞刀頭，甚至可能會(huì)毀壞木材，使木材起毛刺，從而會(huì)割傷你的手。在切割之前，檢查一下木材，保險(xiǎn)起見(jiàn)，最好使用金屬探測(cè)器檢查。

    8.Always Work Against the Cutter

    切割時(shí)要使用橫切

    Woodworking Power Tools are designed so that the direction that the wood moves through the tool （or the direction that the tool moves across the wood） is in the opposite direction of the movement of the cutting head. In other words, a router bit or saw blade should cut against the motion and not with it. The cutter should cut into the stock, not with the stock.

    木工行業(yè)的電動(dòng)工具，其刀頭的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向都應(yīng)該逆著木紋方向。也就是說(shuō)，木工銑床或者刀鋸應(yīng)該橫著切割木材而不是豎著切割。刀鋸應(yīng)該橫著切進(jìn)木材而不是豎向切割。

    9.Never Reach Over a Blade to Remove Cut-Offs

    不要伸手去清理刀片旁的碎屑

    When working on a Table Saw, Miter Saw, etc., never put your hands anywhere near the moving blade, especially when attempting to remove waste or cut-offs. Wait until the blade has stopped moving and THEN reach for the cut-off. Better yet, once the saw blade has stopped, use a piece of scrap or a push stick to move the waste away from the blade. Remember that switches can be inadvertently bumped or malfunction, so just because the blade has stopped, don't relax and put your hands too close.

    正在使用臺(tái)鋸或斜切鋸的時(shí)候，不要將手放在刀片附近，更不要用手去清理刀具旁的碎屑。等到刀頭停轉(zhuǎn)了以后，再用手去清理碎屑。更安全的方法是，在電鋸?fù)＾D(zhuǎn)后，用一根棍子或一塊廢鐵去清理刀片旁的碎屑。記住，開關(guān)可能突然彈起或出現(xiàn)故障，所以不要因?yàn)榭吹降朵復(fù)Ｖ罐D(zhuǎn)動(dòng)了，就肆無(wú)忌憚的將手靠過(guò)去。

    10.Avoid Distractions

    不要分心

    Distractions are a part of everyday life, and working in the wood shop is no different. When you are summoned or distracted while in the middle of performing an action with a power tool, remember to always finish the cut to a safe conclusion before dealing with the distraction. Taking your attention away from the woodworking tool is a recipe for disaster.

    分心在生活中處處可見(jiàn)，在做木工活的時(shí)候也不可避免。但是如果你在使用電動(dòng)工具做木工的時(shí)候要分心的話，記得至少要將工作做到一個(gè)安全的階段。在做木工時(shí)分心是災(zāi)難的開始。