Quieting a child's streaming tears on the playground might seem far easier than dealing with a sobbing adult. But what about a child who also doesn't enjoy playing anymore, who suffers from chronic stomach aches, or even threatens to kill herself?

    While a number of studies in recent years have found toddlers -- and even babies -- can suffer from major depressive disorder, doctors have debated whether preschool depression was an isolated blip in a child's development or a sign of future problems.

    But according to a new study published Monday in the Archives of General Psychiatry, preschoolers can suffer from major depression, and those children are likely to face depression again in elementary school.

    Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis periodically interviewed the parents of 75 children aged 3 to 6 who were diagnosed with major depressive order. When compared to 146 non-depressed children, the preschoolers with depression were four times more likely to have depression one or two years later.

    "These results underscore the clinical and public health importance of identification of depression as early as preschool," the authors wrote.

    The authors pointed out that major depressive disorder in elementary school children is usually difficult to treat, making the need to catch depression early even more urgent.

    "It takes quite a combination of risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental and familial factors, to depress a normally jubilant toddler," Rahil Briggs, a professor at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, wrote to ABCNews.com.

    "Children's early experiences become the lenses through which they later view the world. We must be very conscious of their well being during this formative time," Briggs wrote.

    安慰一個(gè)操場(chǎng)中大哭的小孩遠(yuǎn)比流淚的成年人容易，但如果遭受肚子疼或者致命威脅的小孩呢？

    近年來(lái)許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)小孩甚至嬰兒都能承受較大的壓抑，醫(yī)生們?cè)趯?duì)學(xué)前壓抑是孩童期成長(zhǎng)的孤立標(biāo)志還是將來(lái)問題的表現(xiàn)還存在爭(zhēng)議。

    根據(jù)星期一發(fā)表在普通精神病學(xué)文章中的一項(xiàng)新研究，學(xué)前期孩子能承受很大的壓抑的在初中也能面對(duì)壓抑。

    路易斯華盛頓大學(xué)的研究人員采訪了75位3-6歲孩子的家長(zhǎng)，這些孩子被診斷為重要精神壓抑混亂癥。發(fā)現(xiàn)：與146位沒有該癥狀的孩子比，這些學(xué)前兒童在1-2年后更傾向于有壓抑癥的概率是他們的四倍。

    這些結(jié)果強(qiáng)調(diào)了早于幼兒園時(shí)期，壓抑癥確認(rèn)臨床和公共健康的重要性，作者寫到。

    作者指出：初中生患重大壓抑混亂的通常更難治療，這樣早期治療壓抑癥就顯得更加需要。

    導(dǎo)致樂觀的孩子變得消沉的因素是由遺傳、體質(zhì)衰弱、環(huán)境因素及家庭影響結(jié)合形成的。紐約奧利醫(yī)療中心的Rahil Briggs教授在ABCNEWS.com中寫到。

    中國(guó)早期試驗(yàn)成為后來(lái)觀看世界狀況的鏡頭，我們?cè)谶@形成時(shí)期非常關(guān)注。briggs寫到。